計劃概覽

股票收益提升計劃（Stock Yield Enhancement Program）讓客戶有機會用賬戶中全額支付的股票賺取額外收益。該計劃允許IBKR通過抵押（美國國債或現金）從您那裡借入股票，然後將股票借給希望做空股票並願意支付借券利息的交易者。有關股票收益提升計劃的更多信息，請參見此處或查看常見問題頁面。

如何參加股票收益提升計劃

要參加計劃，請登錄客戶端。登錄後，點擊使用者菜單（右上角的頭像圖標），然後點擊管理賬戶。在配置部分，點擊股票收益提升計劃旁邊的配置（齒輪）圖標。在下一個界面勾選複選框然後點擊繼續。您將會看到參加計劃必需的表格和披露。查看並簽署表格後，您的申請便會提交處理。需要24到48小時才會激活生效。

For enrollment via Classic Account Management, please click on the below buttons in the order specified.

股票收益提升計劃推出的目的是什麽？
股票收益提升計劃可供客戶通過允許IBKR將其賬戶內原本閑置的證券頭寸（即全額支付和超額保證金證券）出借給第三方來賺取額外收益。參與此計劃的客戶會收到用以確保股票在借貸終止時順利歸還的抵押（美國國債或現金）。

什麽是全額支付和超額保證金證券？
全額支付證券是客戶賬戶中全款付清的證券。超額保證金證券是雖然沒有全款付清但本身市場價值已超過保證金貸款餘額的140%的證券。

客戶股票收益提升計劃的借出交易收益如何計算？
客戶借出股票的收益取决于場外證券借貸市場的借貸利率。借出的股票不同，出借的日期不同，都會對借貸利率造成很大差异。通常，IBKR會按自己借出股票所得金額的大約50%向參與計劃的客戶支付利息。

借貸交易的抵押金額如何確定？
證券借貸的抵押（美國國債或現金）金額採用行業慣例確定，即用股票的收盤價乘以特定百分比（通常爲102-105%），然後向上取整到最近的美元/分。每個幣種的行業慣例不同。例如，借出100股收盤價爲$59.24美元的美元計價股票，現金抵押應爲$6,100 ($59.24 * 1.02 = $60.4248；取整到$61，再乘以100）。下表爲各個幣種的行業慣例：

更多信息，請參見KB1146。

股票收益提升計劃下的抵押如何保管以及保管在何處？

對於IBLLC的客戶，抵押將採用現金或美國國債的形式，並將轉入IBLLC的聯營公司IBKR Securities Services LLC (“IBKRSS”)進行保管。您在該計劃下借出股票的抵押會由IBKRSS以您爲受益人保管在一個賬戶中，您將享有第一優先級擔保權益。如果IBLLC違約，您將可以直接從IBKRSS取得抵押，無需經過IBLLC。請參見 此處的《證券賬戶控制協議》瞭解更多信息。對于非IBLLC的客戶，抵押將由賬戶所在實體保管。例如，IBIE的賬戶其抵押將由IBIE保管。

退出IBKR股票收益提升計劃或賣出/轉帳通過此計劃借出的股票會對利息造成什麽影響？

交易日的下一個工作日（T+1）停止計息。對於轉帳或退出計劃，利息也會在發起轉帳或退出計劃的下一個工作日停止計算。

參加IBKR股票收益提升計劃有什麽資格要求？

*參加的賬戶必須是保證金賬戶或滿足上述現金帳戶最低資産要求的現金帳戶。

盈透證券日本、盈透證券盧森堡、盈透證券澳大利亞和盈透證券印度公司的客戶不能參加此計劃。賬戶開在IB LLC下的日本和印度客戶可以參加。

此外，滿足上方條件的財務顧問客戶賬戶、全披露介紹經紀商客戶和綜合經紀商可以參加此計劃。如果是財務顧問和全披露介紹經紀商，必須由客戶自己簽署協議。綜合經紀商由經紀商簽署協議。

IRA賬戶可以參加股票收益提升計劃嗎?
可以。

IRA賬戶由盈透證券資産管理公司（Interactive Brokers Asset Management）管理的賬戶分區可以參加股票收益提升計劃嗎？?
不是。

英國SIPP賬戶可以參加股票收益提升計劃嗎？
不是。

如果參加計劃的現金帳戶資産跌破最低資産要求$50,000美元會怎麽樣？
現金帳戶只有在申請參加計劃當時必須滿足這一最低資産要求。之後資産跌破此要求並不會對現有借貸造成任何影響，也不影響您繼續借出股票。

如何申請參加IBKR股票收益提升計劃？
要參加股票收益提升計劃，請登錄客戶端。登錄後，點擊 使用者菜單（右上角的小人圖標），然後點擊設置。然後，在賬戶設置內，尋找交易板塊並點擊股票收益提升計劃 以申請參加。您將會看到參加該計劃所需填寫的表格和披露。閱讀並簽署表格後，您的申請便會提交處理。可能需要24到48小時才能完成激活。

如何終止股票收益提升計劃？
要退出股票收益提升計劃，請登錄客戶端。登錄後，點擊使用者菜單 （右上角的小人圖標），然後點擊 設置。在賬戶 設置板塊內會找到交易，然後點擊股票 收益 提升 計劃，然後依照所需步驟。您的申請便會提交處理。 中止參加的請求通常會在當日結束時進行處理。
 

 如果一個賬戶參加了計劃然後又退出，那麽該賬戶多久可以重新參加計劃？
退出計劃後，賬戶需要等待90天才能重新參加。

哪些證券頭寸可以出借？

*市政債券不適用。

借出IPO後在二級市場交易的股票有什麽限制嗎？
沒有，只要賬戶本身沒有就相應的證券受到限制就可以。

IBKR如何確定可以借出的股票數量？
第一步是確定IBKR有保證金扣押權從而可以在沒有客戶參與的情况下通過股票收益提升計劃借出的證券的價值（如有）。根據規定，通過保證金貸款借錢給客戶購買證券的經紀商可以將該客戶的證券借出或用作抵押，金額最高不超過貸款金額的140%。例如，如果客戶現金餘額爲$50,000美元，買入市場價值爲$100,000美元的證券，則貸款金額爲$50,000美元，那麽經紀商對$70,000美元（$50,000的140%）的證券享有扣押權。客戶持有的證券超出這一金額的部分被稱爲超額保證金證券（此例子中爲$30,000），需要記在隔離賬戶，除非客戶授權IBKR通過股票收益提升計劃將其借出。

計算貸款金額首先要將所有非美元計價的現金餘額轉換成美元，然後减去股票賣空所得（轉換成美元）。如果結果爲負數，則我們最高可抵押此數目的140%。此外，商品賬戶段中持有的現金餘額和現貨金屬和差價合約相關現金不納入考慮範圍。 詳細說明請參見此處。

例1： 客戶在基礎貨幣爲美元的賬戶內持有100,000歐元，歐元兌美元匯率爲1.40。客戶買入價值$112,000美元（相當於80,000歐元）的美元計價股票。由於轉換成美元後現金餘額爲正數，所有證券被視爲全額支付。

例2： 客戶持有80,000美元、多頭持有價值$100,000美元的美元計價股票並且做空了價值$100,000美元的美元計價股票。總計$28,000美元的多頭證券被視爲保證金證券，剩餘的$72,000美元爲超額保證金證券。計算方法是用現金餘額减去賣空所得（$80,000 - $100,000），所得貸款金額再乘以140% ($20,000 * 1.4 = $28,000)

IBKR會把所有符合條件的股票都借出去嗎？
不保證賬戶內所有符合條件的股票都能通過股票收益提升計劃借出去，因爲某些證券可能沒有利率有利的市場，或者IBKR無法接入有意願的借用方所在的市場，也有可能IBKR不想借出您的股票。

通過股票收益提升計劃借出股票是否都要以100爲單位？
不是。只要是整股都可以，但是借給第三方的時候我們只以100爲倍數借出。這樣，如果有第三方需要借用100股，就可能發生我們從一個客戶那裏借出75股、從另一個客戶那裏借出25股的情况。

如果可供借出的股票超過借用需求，如何在多個客戶之間分配借出份額？
如果我們股票收益提升計劃的參與者可用以借出的股票數量大於借用需求，則借出份額將按比例分配。例如，可供借出XYZ數量爲20,000股，而對於XYZ的需求只有10,000股的情况下，每個客戶可以借出其所持股數的一半。

股票是只借給其它IBKR客戶還是也會借給其它第三方？
股票可以借給IBKR客戶和第三方。

股票收益提升計劃的參與者可以自行决定哪些股票IBKR可以借出嗎？
不是。此計劃完全由IBKR管理，IBKR在確定了自己因保證金貸款扣押權可以借出的證券後，可自行决定哪些全額支付或超額保證金證券可以借出，並發起借貸。

通過股票收益提升計劃借出去的證券其賣出是否會受到限制？
借出去的股票可隨時賣出，沒有任何限制。賣出交易的結算並不需要股票及時歸還，賣出收益會按正常結算日記入客戶的賬戶。此外，借貸會於證券賣出的下一個工作日開盤終止。

客戶就通過股票收益提升計劃借出去的股票沽出持保看張期權還能享受持保看漲期權保證金待遇嗎？
可以。由於借出去的股票其盈虧風險仍然在借出方身上，借出股票不會對相關保證金要求造成任何影響。

借出去的股票由於看漲期權被行權或看跌期權行權被交付會怎麽樣？
借貸將於平倉或减倉操作（交易、被行權、行權）的T+1日終止。

借出去的股票被暫停交易會怎麽樣？
暫停交易對股票借出沒有直接影響，只要IBKR能繼續借出該等股票，則無論股票是否被暫停交易，借貸都可以繼續進行。

借貸股票的抵押可以劃至商品賬戶段沖抵保證金和/或應付行情變化嗎？
不是。股票借貸的抵押不會對保證金或融資造成任何影響。

計劃參與者發起保證金貸款或提高現有貸款金額會怎麽樣？
如果客戶有全額支付的證券通過股票收益提升計劃借出，之後又發起保證金貸款，則不屬於超額保證金證券的部分將被終止借貸。同樣，如果客戶有超額保證金證券通過此計劃借出，之後又要增加現有保證金貸款，則不屬於超額保證金證券的部分也將被終止借貸。

什麽情况下股票借貸會被終止？
發生以下情况（但不限于以下情况），股票借貸將被自動終止：

- 客戶選擇退出計劃
- 轉帳股票
- 以股票作抵押借款
- 賣出股票
- 看漲期權被行權/看跌期權行權
- 賬戶關閉

股票收益提升計劃的參與者是否會收到被借出股票的股息？
通過股票收益提升計劃借出的股票通常會在除息日前召回以獲取股息、避免股息替代支付。但是仍然有可能獲得股息替代支付。

股票收益提升計劃的參與者是否對被借出的股票保有投票權？

不是。如果登記日或投票、給予同意或採取其它行動的截止日期在貸款期內，則證券的借用者有權就證券相關事項進行投票或决斷。

股票收益提升計劃的參與者是否能就被借出的股票獲得權利、權證和分拆股份？

可以。被借出股票分配的任何權利、權證和分拆股份都將屬於證券的借出方。

股票借貸在活動報表中如何呈現？

借貸抵押、借出在外的股數、活動和收益在以下6個報表區域中反映：

1. 現金詳情 – 詳細列出了期初抵押（美國國債或現金）餘額、借貸活動導致的淨變化（如果發起新的借貸則爲正；如果股票歸還則爲負）和期末現金抵押餘額。

2. 淨股票頭寸總結 – 按股票詳細列出了在IBKR持有的總股數、借入的股數、借出的股數和淨股數（=在IBKR持有的總股數 + 借入的股數 - 借出的股數）。 

3. 借出的IBKR管理證券（股票收益提升計劃） – 對通過股票收益提升計劃借出的股票按股票列出了借出的股數以及利率（%）。 

3a. 在IBSS保管的IBKR管理證券的抵押（股票收益提升計劃） – IBLLC的客戶會看到其報表中多出來一欄，顯示作爲抵押的美國國債以及抵押的數量、價格和總價值。

4. IBKR管理證券借出活動 （股票收益提升計劃）– 詳細列出了各證券的借貸活動，包括歸還份額分配（即終止的借貸）；新借出份額分配（即新發起的借貸）；股數；淨利率（%）；客戶抵押金額及其利率（%）。 

5. IBKR管理的證券借出活動利息詳情 （股票收益提升計劃）– 按每筆借出活動詳細列出了IBKR賺取的利率（%）；IBKR賺取的收益（爲IBKR從該筆借出活動賺取的總收益，等于{抵押金額 * 利率}/360）；客戶抵押的利率（爲IBKR從該筆借出活動賺取的收益的一半）以及支付給客戶的利息（爲客戶的現金抵押賺取的利息收入）

注：此部分只有在報表期內客戶賺取的應計利息超過1美元的情况下才會顯示。   

6. 應計利息 – 此處利息收入列爲應計利息，與任何其它應計利息一樣處理（累積計算，但只有超過$1美元才會顯示並按月過帳到現金）。年末申報時，該筆利息收入將上報表格1099（美國納稅人）。

As a US registered broker-dealer, Interactive Brokers LLC (“IBKR”) is subject to Regulation SHO, a collection of US Securities & Exchange Commission rules relating to short-selling of equity securities. Rule 204 of Regulation SHO places certain requirements on clearing brokers in the event that they fail to deliver securities on settlement date in connection with a sale of those securities. This can happen for a variety of commonplace operational reasons, and does not indicate a problem at the clearing broker. In certain circumstances, Rule 204 may require a clearing broker to not permit shorting a security for a certain period of time (unless sufficient shares of that security are pre-borrowed to cover the order marked as a short sale).

Rule 204(a) requires that a clearing broker, if it fails to deliver on a sale trade on the settlement date, must closeout its fail by buying or borrowing the relevant security a specified number of trading days later (depending on whether the sale was long or short), prior to the opening of the regular trading session on that day.

Rule 204(b) provides that if the clearing broker does not closeout its fail in accordance with Rule 204(a), the broker may not accept short sale orders from its customers in the relevant stock (the stock in which the unclosed-out fail has occurred), or place such orders for its own account, unless it has first borrowed the shares of the relevant stock to cover the new short sale order. This is colloquially known in the securities industry as being in the “penalty box” for the relevant security. This restriction exists until the clearing broker has purchased shares in the amount of the unclosed-out fail, and that purchase has settled.

Any broker that executes trades through that clearing broker, and clears and settles those trades through that clearing broker, is subject to the same Rule 204(b) restriction, as is any broker that executes away from that clearing broker, but intends to clear and settle those trades through the clearing broker.

Rule 204(c) requires clearing brokers to notify brokers from whom they receive trades for clearance and settlement of when they become subject to a short-sale restriction under Rule 204(b), and when that restriction ends. This is so that the notified brokers can avoid executing trades away from the clearing broker that are not permitted under the clearing broker’s short-sale restriction. If you have received a notice from IBKR regarding Rule 204(c), it generally means that IBKR's books and records show that you are an introducing broker or dealer that clears and settles trades through IBKR, and that also has the capability (or your client has such capability) of executing trades at away brokers or dealers for settlement through IBKR. You should not execute any short-sale order at an away broker-dealer in a security which we have notified you is shortsale restricted, unless you have first arranged to pre-borrow sufficient shares of that security through IBKR. For more information on pre-borrowing, please click here or contact us.

The above is a general description of Rule 204 of Regulation SHO, to aid our broker-dealer clients in understanding IBKR's obligations and why certain stocks may become unshortable at certain times irrespective of their availability to be borrowed. It is not legal advice and should not be used as such.

Introduction
While account holders are always at risk of having a short security position closed out if IB is unable to borrow shares at settlement of the initial trade or bought in if the trade settles and the shares are recalled by the lender thereafter, certain securities have characteristics which may increase the likelihood of these events occurring. Two examples are leveraged Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) and Exchange Traded Notes (ETN), where the supply of shares available to borrow can be influenced by a number of factors not found with shares of common stock. An overview of these securities and these factors is provided below.


Overview
As background, an ETF is a security organized as a pooled investment vehicle that can offer diversified exposure or track a particular index by investing in stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, options or a blend of assets. An ETF is similar to a mutual fund in that each share of an ETF represents an undivided interest in the underlying assets of the fund. However, unlike a mutual fund in which orders are only processed at a price determined at the end of the day, ETF shares are repriced and trade throughout the day on an exchange. To balance the supply and demand of shares and ensure that secondary market prices approximate the market value of the underlying assets, ETF issuers allow Authorized Participants (typically large broker-dealers) to create and redeem ETF shares in large blocks, typically 50,000 to 100,000 shares. While many ETFs invest solely in securities, others use debt or derivatives to track and/or magnify exposure to an index. The ProShares Ultra VIX Short-Term Futures ETF ( symbol: UVXY) is one example of a widely traded leveraged ETF.

ETNs are also securities that are repriced and trade throughout the day on an exchange and are designed to provide investors with a return that corresponds to an index. Unlike ETFs, however, ETNs are unsecured debt instruments and do not represent an interest in an underlying pool of assets. They do not pay interest like traditional debit instruments, but rather a promise to pay a specific return that typically corresponds to an index or benchmark. The Barclays iPath® S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures™ ETN (symbol: VXX) is one example of a widely traded ETN.

The supply of shares available to borrow in order to initiate or maintain a short sale position may be less stable for certain leveraged ETFs and ETNs, including UVXY and VXX, due to the following factors:

- Limited Authorized Participants: The number of Authorized Participants willing to issue ETFs, particularly those that invest in derivatives (e.g., futures contracts, swap agreements and forward contracts) rather than securities and seek performance equal to a multiple (i.e., 2x) or an inverse multiple (i.e., -2x) of a benchmark may be limited. Moreover, Authorized Participants have no legal obligation to create shares and may elect not to do so to minimize their exposure as a dealer. 

- No Authorized Participants: As ETN shares represent credit instruments, the supply of such shares is determined solely by the issuing financial institution and Authorized Participants are not involved with the creation or redemption of shares. The ETN issuer typically reserves the right to limit, restrict or stop selling additional shares at any time.

- Limited Holding Period: Certain leveraged ETFs and ETNs seek to match the performance of a benchmark index for a single day rather than an extended period. They are principally used by institutional investors and other traders looking to obtain short-term exposure to an asset class, hedge other investments in a portfolio or invest as a way to gain interim exposure to a particular market while gradually investing directly in that market. These factors can result in a higher rate of turnover and less stability of share inventory available to lend for short sales. 

- Margin Considerations: Shares made available for lending to short sellers often originate from brokers who maintain a lien on the shares as they’ve financed the purchase of the shares on behalf of clients via margin loans. Clients purchasing shares using borrowed funds are subject to regulatory margin requirements, compliance to which depends in part upon the value of the shares supporting the loan. As certain leveraged  ETFs/ETNs are designed to provide returns in multiples of their benchmark, the inherent volatility of these products may diminish clients’ ability to maintain the position and, in turn, the broker’s ability to lend the shares.